Future of Artificial Intelligence and its Legal Status
Picture Courtesy: https://enterprisetalk.com/tech-trends/ai/human-intelligence-can-fix-ai-shortcomings/
This article was written by Ayushman Patnaik, a student of Maharaja Agrasen Institute of Management Studies, GGSIPU
“Success in creating AI would be the biggest event in human history. Unfortunately, it might also be the last, unless we learn how to avoid the risks.” – Stephen Hawking
Artificial intelligence could be the answer to the biggest threats that are present throughout the world. Although some experts believe that it might be helpful in future, but it may become a potential threat to the mankind. If artificial intelligence is used and developed properly, then the threats might minimize. It would enhance the human productivity but at the same time challenges human control and capabilities. Throughout the years, artificial intelligence (AI) has extended its origins in various fields by using the idea of making machines understand and perform difficult tasks that were not at all easy for the humans to perform.
Artificial intelligence challenges human legal proficiency?
In several law firms and legal organizations, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning have already arrived. Striking developments in legal AI technology have led some lawyers to fear that their profession may soon come to an end. As some experts believe artificial intelligence would become essential in the everyday life of an individual or an organisation. It is the rightful fear of the lawyers who think that they may get replaced by artificial intelligence soon. Artificial intelligence can simply be explained by any system that transforms any complex task to an easy one. The fear of lawyers is completely understandable as any firm or an organisation would opt for a system i.e. feasible for them and would provide them with effective and efficient work. However, if we start comparing humans with artificial intelligence it would be a long list to listen to, as they both have their advantages and disadvantages. But if we see from another point of view i.e. in a legal profession artificial intelligence could play a huge role in the development of lawyers and the legal tasks as well. It would not completely remove the role of lawyers from the legal system rather it would promote growth and productivity by increased accuracy and efficiency.
Artificial Intelligence won’t replace lawyers, but lawyers who know how to use Artificial Intelligence will replace those who don’t. For existing law firms and legal departments to remain relevant, they need to realize the importance of AI and legal technology. Lawyers need to accept the special, evolving value of AI and build a legal environment that enhances the human interest- lawyers practising autonomous professional judgment, concentrating on substantive, nuanced, and task-critical work for their clients. Technology can change many facets of legal practice, but legal analysts expect highly skilled lawyers can spend their time focusing on tasks with higher-level intellectual demands on the top rungs of the ‘legal ladder; non-lawyers or technology will provide the more traditional legal services. As artificial intelligence progresses exponentially, the importance of human predictions without an AI advancement is likely to decline. AI will change the way we make decisions, using forecasts derived from computers as a supplement to human judgment. It will increase the importance of human judgment which is strengthened by computer analysis and predictions.
Technology has improved the legal profession but it does not negate lawyers’ professional judgment and knowledge. It will allow those who embrace, employ and optimize it to give their clients improved and more cost-effective legal services and representation. Legal entities and attorneys who initially adopted the legal AI technology would reap those benefits.
Status of Artificial Intelligence in different countries
- The US government does not endeavour to recognize AI’s legal rights as a person and to concentrate on the legal definition of AI. Section 3 of the AI Act sets out THE meanings for AI: – Artificial systems designed to perform activities without human interaction; systems which think as by comparison with the human mind and can pass the Turing test or some other similar test by decoding human language, representing intelligence, automatic reasoning and learning;
- There is an identical bill in Russia to European law, known as the Grishin Law, and is under discussion by the Russian Parliament. The proposed legislation incorporates amendments to the clauses of the Russian Federation’s Civil Code and it enforces all accountability on the development company, technician or seller of the robot irrespective of the independence of the robot. In addition, a Prototype Convention on robotics and Artificial intelligence establishes guidelines for the development and use of robots and AIs. The paper is indeed timely, as it provides the groundwork for a new division of legislation on the development and use of AI in society.[1]
- Many eminent jurists have written about AI legislation in the United Kingdom. The truth, however, is that presently that there’s no actual coherent approach to the legislative challenges presented by the rapid development of Artificial intelligence systems. The current environment entails pushing existing authorities into action to use their capacities-none of which were intended to resolve the particular concerns posed by AI-as the need arises, and at the same time developing new organizational ability to keep the field under scrutiny and subjecting unique use -cases to a more comprehensive policy evaluation process.[2]
- China is en route to being Artificial Intelligence’s 1st world superpower. The Chinese government has by far the most optimistic AI policy of all the countries and allows for its execution with the most resources globally. China is combining a tremendous quantity of data with expertise, businesses, science, and resources to create the world’s leading AI ecosystem. In 2017, the State Council of the People’s Republic of China published the Artificial Intelligence Development Plan. This program is part of even larger “Made in China 2025” program and will be connected to the modern (digital) silk route as well. With these initiatives, china is expected to be the greatest economic force in the world and to ensure sufficient stability for its citizens, supported by an economically prosperous structure.[3]
- In preparation for the AI Network Society Conference Japan released an outline of AI Research & development Standards for international discussions. Japan had previously hosted a conference of G7 Ministers for Information and Communication in April 2016, where the Member states decided to begin discussions on AI R&D together with international institutions like the European union. The call to make Mirai an authorized person living is part of the project intended to increase the familiarity and accessibility of local government. The virtual assistant is accessible for residents of Shibuya to listen to their opinions. “His interests are taking pictures and people watching,” Shibuya Ward said in a tweet.[4]
Conclusion
Artificial intelligence as a concept has still not evolved much throughout the world. Artificial Intelligence (AI) changes the nature of nearly everything related to human life, such as employment, economy, communication etc. It questions human proficiency, as some believe that the work done by artificial intelligence is much efficient and effective as compared to the work done by a human. If the same myth continues to be in trend, then many people would start losing their jobs, and the unemployment rate in every country would become very high. Also artificial intelligence can only be used by an educated person only as the illiterates cannot operate the technical machines. So, to use artificial intelligence every person must be aware of the properties and working of technology. Therefore, if the artificial intelligence flaws are continuously ignored then it may become a threat to humanity.
[1] Legal Status of Artificial Intelligence Across Countries: Legislation on the Move BY- A. Atabekov1, O. Yastrebov
[2] https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=4406f03c-28e3-462e-82bf-11b0bba79143
[3] https://www.forbes.com/sites/cognitiveworld/2020/01/14/china-artificial-intelligence-superpower/#1dbea8812f05
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